Kaitlin's+Wind+Notes


 * __OVERALL QUESTION:

Can wind power be a possible future energy source for Canada?__**

__**Over a 5 year time period, can wind power be a competitor as a future energy source for Canada?**__


 * __If Canada is trying to encourage a greener planet, why aren't they installing more wind farms?__**

http://www.canwea.ca/index_e.php <-- Great Website

Pros of wind energy (Quoted):
 * “Wind energy does not produce any harmful waterborne emissions, or toxic solid wastes.”
 * “Wind energy is completely renewable, highly reliable and very efficient.”
 * “Wind energy is one of the most economical sources of new large-scale electricity generation.”
 * “Wind energy is becoming even more economic to produce as economies of scale are reached and as electricity prices increase.”
 * “Wind energy is good for employment and job creation: it is estimated that the Canadian wind industry employed 3,785 people in 2006.”
 * “Wind energy supports economic growth: in 2006 the wind industry contributed $1.6 billion to Canada Gross Domestic Product (GDP)”
 * “Wind energy generates tourism for local communities.”
 * “Wind energy creates alternative revenues for farmers who lease their land.”
 * “Wind energy offsets the emissions of other energy sources, thus reducing our contribution to global climate change.”
 * “Using wind to produce enough power for over 200 homes (2,000,000 kWh) of electricity instead of burning coal will leave 900,000 kilograms of coal in the ground and reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions by 2,000 tonnes. This has the same positive impact as taking 417 cars off the road or planting 10,000 trees.”
 * Wind power is clean, a renewable energy source, produces no greenhouse gases or emissions of waste products.
 * Wind is usually the strongest in cold-weather months when we need electricity the most
 * Wind energy is a perfect complement to other forms of electricity
 * Wind energy can provide power to local utility grids or on-site homes and businesses
 * Demand in energy is rising and power plants are closing
 * Wind is quick to install and creates no air pollutants or greenhouse gases
 * Wind energy can help decline global emissions
 * Nuclear power-no emissions BUT technology will always need to be maintained
 * Clean coal- possibly worldwide BUT plants won’t be constructed for years
 * Other energy sources have their pros and cons but wind is the most beneficial

Steps to create a wind farm (Quoted): Usually the first critical step is assessing the wind resource. Scientists and engineers use meteorological masts to measure wind speed and other climatic conditions for at least one year. This data is then used to estimate how much energy the wind farm will produce. Wind data is combined with topographical information to design the wind farm. Engineers use this data to model wind flow, turbine performance, sound levels and other parameters to optimize the location of the wind turbines. They also design the access roads, turbine foundations and local electric network, as well as the connection to the electricity grid. Environmental assessments are conducted to identify any impacts on landscape, plants and wildlife, soil and water, land use or other activities such as aviation and telecommunications. If negative impacts are identified, the design is adjusted to avoid or mitigate them. Early in the process, developers usually approach landowners to negotiate “option” agreements to use their land. As the project progresses, the developer will seek to convert the options into firm land lease agreements. As with any other major power project, developers must seek municipal, provincial and federal permits before the project can go ahead. They also meet the local communities to present the project, solicit their feedback and seek community support. Developers must demonstrate the economic viability of their project to raise the funds to build the wind farm. On one hand, they work to estimate the cost of turbines and their installation, as well as roads, electrical system, operation and maintenance, etc. On the other hand, they estimate the income they will get from the energy production of the wind farm over the lifetime of the project. Then they make sure everything balances. The wind turbine parts are manufactured and pre-assembled into the main components at the factory, then shipped to the wind farm site where the final assembly will take place. In the meantime, the crews have to prepare the site. They build access roads and clear the areas where turbines will be erected. They then prepare the foundations; do the excavating, followed by installing the formworks and pouring concrete. Once all components have been received, the assembly can take place. A crane is used to erect the tower and install the nacelle and rotor with its hub and blades. On the ground, the electrical collection network is installed and connected to the grid through the substation. Finally, the wind farm is tested before becoming fully operational. Currently in Canada, the construction phase presents the best opportunities for local business and jobs. Other activities related to logistics, travel, lodging and material supply generate significant additional local revenue. A variety of skill sets are required to ensure the effective operation of a Wind Farm. The activities that have to be performed on a regular basis throughout the project’s life include monitoring and analyzing performance, conducting environmental surveys and performing preventive maintenance and repairs on the turbines and other components of the facility. In addition to the permanent employment created to perform these tasks, a region with several wind farms may take the opportunity to develop and deliver new training programs for the specialized workers needed for these jobs.
 * 1. WIND ASSESSMENT **
 * 2. WIND FARM DESIGN **
 * 3. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY **
 * 4. LAND ACQUISITION **
 * 5. PERMITTING AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION **
 * 6. ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS **
 * 7. MANUFACTURING **
 * 8. SITE PREPARATION **
 * 9. CONSTRUCTION **
 * 10. COMMISSIONING **
 * 11. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE **

Where Wind Comes From:


 * “ The sun heats our planet to different temperatures in different places and at different times. This unequal distribution of heat is what creates wind as warm air rises and cooler air descends to fill the void. Wind is the ongoing movement of this air”
 * “As the sun warms the earth, it in turn, warms the air above it, making it less dense or lighter. As the light air rises, it creates a low pressure zone near the ground. Air from surrounding cooler areas rushes in to balance the pressure. These are called local winds. Temperature differences between the polar caps and equator, as well as the rotation of the earth, produce similar results on a global scale, called prevailing winds. “

Wind Turbines and Wind Farms:
 * Turbines can be installed on water and were built to adapt to all kinds of wind and weather conditions
 * Wind turbine= large blades attached to a tall tower, constructed onto a horizontal shaft
 * When the wind blows, the blades turn the shaft, which is attached to a generator found inside the head of the turbine. That creates energy.
 * Cables carry the energy current through transmission lines which goes to homes and businesses
 * Modern time turbines rotate very slowly
 * Maintenances are much smaller on wind farms. Maintenance takes place one turbine at a time.
 * Turbines are highly efficient and one turbine can power enough electricity to provide energy for over 500 homes
 * The output of a wind farm can be predicted before construction of the farm starts
 * A wind turbine can create electricity 70% of the time
 * New technology and design improvements help increase reliability of wind power.
 * Wind doesn’t stop blowing everywhere at once
 * A large number of turbines spread over a wide geographic area will create a consistent amount of power
 * No human has been hurt by wind turbines
 * Turbines produce electricity 70-85% of the time
 * Different amounts of energy is produced depending on wind speed
 * A recent turbine will create enough energy to meet the demands of 1000+ homes over a year
 * Wind farms are almost undetectable aside from a swooshing sound of the blades. There are guidelines on turbines and noise emissions to ensure the protection of residential areas
 * There is no fuel or waste related costs in a wind farm
 * Wind farms are groups of wind turbines to create enough electricity to power thousands of homes
 * Wind energy needs a power generation require back up
 * Costs of generating wind electricity has fallen over the years
 * In 2010 wind should be the lowest cost power source
 * Offshore wind farms take longer to build because the sea is a more hostile environment

Others:
 * Canada only uses a small portion of wind energy which powers 1,000,000 homes
 * Denmark gets 20% of their energy from wind
 * 20% of Canada’s energy will power 17 million homes

Book Title: Fueling the Future WIND (edited by Clay Farris Naff) 333,92


 * Wind energy can replace +75% of oil imports
 * Wind turbines do not produce atmospheric emissions such as acid rain or green house gases
 * Wind can never be used up and there is no other energy source like it
 * Wind is created by the sun
 * The sun unevenly heats the each which creates air pressure imbalances. As high pressurized air rushes to low-pressure regions, wind is created
 * Wind energy has been used since ancient times
 * Wind moves the blades, which drives the rotor, which powers generators, which creates energy
 * Disadvantages: unreliable, often the wind is too strong and damages the blades, communities have to purchase backup generators, blades are dangerous to birds, wind energy is expensive

BOOK Title: Alternative Energy Sources By: Gary Chandler and Kevin Graham

Patters will be placed on blades to become visible for birds.
 * Wind energy tries to compete with oil, coal, natural gas
 * Cost efficient
 * A 100-kilowatt turbine produces enough for 50 people
 * New advanced turbines are always being created
 * Increases energy output by 25%
 * Becomes the least expensive forms
 * To reduce bird kill- long straight tubular towers are being built instead of lattice-type towers
 * Lattice towers provide perching places for birds

Website: http://canmetenergy-canmetenergie.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/eng/renewables/wind_energy.html

__**BIBLIOGRAPHY**__
 * wind energy is one of the fastest growing methods of electrical energy
 * uses kinetic energy to move turbines
 * turbines can be placed individually or in wind farms
 * the energy from the wind turbines can be used locally or contribute to the power grid for the community.
 * energy can also be transformed to hydrogen
 * requires no fuel and produces no pollution or greenhouse gases
 * offshore wind turbines are growing worldwide but canada DOES NOT have any
 * project developers are looking into Canada's Great Lakes and the West coast for possible offshore wind turbine locations
 * offshore turbines provide higher wind speeds, lower wind turbulence, and more constant winds
 * offshore turbines face higher construction and larger construction costs

Canmet energy. (2009, August 14). Retrieved from http://canmetenergy-canmetenergie.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/eng/renewables/wind_energy/off_shore.html

Canwea. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.canwea.ca/index_e.php

Chandler, Gary, & Graham, Kevin. (1996). Alternative energy sources. New York: Twenty-First Century Books.

Heintzman, Andrew, & Solomon, Evan. (2003). Fueling the future : how the battle over energy is changing everything. Toronto: House of Anansi Press.

Canadian Edition
 * __Environment- The science behind the stories

Jay withgott scott brennann barbara murck__

2010 Pearson Canada Inc. Toronto**

pg 539- Denmark obtains the hiest percentage of tis energy from wind wind is not reliable batteries can store wind energy and release when needed 1-2 birds are killed per year on land. far fewer than the millions already being killed annually by television, radio and cell phone towers

http://www.canwea.ca/farms/wind-farms_e.php


 * ~ Wind/Farm/Site ||~ Province ||~ Date Installed ||~ Turbines / Total Installed Capacity ||~ Company ||
 * [| Castle River Wind Farms] || =====**AB**===== || 1997/11 || 1x Vestas V44-600 (600 kW) / 0.6000 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Cowley Ridge North Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/10 || 15x Nordex 1,300 kW / 19.5000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers, Inc. ||
 * [| Chin Chute Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2006/11 || 20x 1.5 MW GE / 30.0000 (MW) || Suncor / Acciona / Enbridge ||
 * [| Kettles Hill Phase I] || =====**AB**===== || 2006/03 || 5x Vestas 1.8 MW / 9.0000 (MW) || Enmax ||
 * [| Kettles Hill Phase II] || =====**AB**===== || 2007/07 || 30x Vestas V80 1.8 MW / 54.0000 (MW) || Enmax ||
 * [| Lundbreck] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/12 || 1x Enercon E40 600kW / 0.6000 (MW) || Lundbreck Developments Joint Venture A ||
 * [| Magrath] || =====**AB**===== || 2004/09 || 20x 1.5 MW GE Wind / 30.0000 (MW) || Suncor, Enbridge, EHN ||
 * [| McBride Lake] || =====**AB**===== || 2003/06 || 114x Vestas 660 kW / 75.2400 (MW) || ENMAX, TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| McBride Lake East] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/12 || 1x Vestas V47 660 kW / 0.6600 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Old Man River Project] || =====**AB**===== || 2007/03 || 2x Vestas V80 1.8 MW / 3.6000 (MW) || Alberta Wind Energy Corp. ||
 * [| Sinnott Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/11 || 5x Nordex 1,300 kW / 6.5000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers, Inc. ||
 * [| Soderglen Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2006/10 || 47x GE 1.5 MW / 70.5000 (MW) || Nexen / Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Summerview Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2002/04 || 1x 1.8MW / 1.8000 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Summerview Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2004/09 || 38x Vestas 1.8 MW / 68.4000 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Taber Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2007/09 || 37x Enercon E70 2.2 MW / 81.4000 (MW) || ENMAX ||
 * [| Tallon Energy Project] || =====**AB**===== || 2004/01 || 1x Lagerway 750 kW / 0.7500 (MW) || Tallon Energy ||
 * [| Taylor Project] || =====**AB**===== || 2004/01 || 9x Kenetech 375 kW / 3.3800 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers, Inc. ||
 * [| Waterton Wind Turbines] || =====**AB**===== || 1998/11 || 1x Vestas 600kW; 1998 - 2x Vestas 600kW; 2000 - 1x Vestas 660 kW; 2001 - 1x Vestas 660 kW; 2002 - 1x Vestas 660 kW / 3.7800 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Weather Dancer 1] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/09 || 1x NEG-Micon 900 kW / 0.9000 (MW) || Epcor/Peigan Nation Reserve ||
 * [| Castle River Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2000/01 || 15x Vestas V47 660kW / 9.9000 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Castle River Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2001/01 || 44x Vestas V47 660kW / 29.0400 (MW) || TransAlta Wind ||
 * [| Cowley Ridge] || =====**AB**===== || 1993/1994 || 57 x Kenetech 375 kW turbines / 21.4000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Blue Trail Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2009/11 || 22 x Vestas 3 MW turbines / 66.0000 (MW) || TransAlta Corp. ||
 * [| Summerview 2 Wind Farm] || =====**AB**===== || 2010/02 || 22 x Vestas 3 MW / 66.0000 (MW) || TransAlta ||
 * [| Bear Mountain Wind Park] || BC || 2009/11 || 34 Enercon 3MW / 102.0000 (MW) || Bear Mountain Wind LP ||
 * [| The Eye of the Wind Turbine] || BC || 2010/02 || 1 x 1.5 MW Leitwind turbine / 1.5000 (MW) || Grouse Mountain Resorts Limited ||
 * [| St. Leon Project] || MB || 2005/07 || 12x Vestas NM 82 1.65 MW / 19.8000 (MW) || Algonquin Power Income Fund ||
 * [| St. Leon Project - Phase 2] || MB || 2006/03 || 51x Vestas NM 82 1.65 MW / 84.1500 (MW) || Algonquin Power Income Fund ||
 * [| Kent Hills] || ====**__NB__**==== || 2008/12 || 32 X 3MW Vestas turbines / 96.0000 (MW) || TransAlta Corp. ||
 * [| Caribou Wind Park] || ====**__NB__**==== || 2009/11 || 33 X 3 MW Vestas turbines / 99.0000 (MW) || GDF Suez ||
 * [| Ramea] || ====**__NF__**==== || 2004/10 || 6x 65 kW Windmatic WM15S / 0.3900 (MW) || Frontier Power Systems Inc. ||
 * [| St.Lawrence Wind Farm] || ====**__NF__**==== || 2008/11 || 9 X 3 MW Vestas turbines / 27.0000 (MW) || NeWind ||
 * [| Fermeuse Wind Power Project] || ====**__NF__**==== || 2009/05 || 9 x Vestas 3.0 MW / 27.0000 (MW) || SkyPower ||
 * [| Brookfield] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/11 || 1x Turbowinds T-600 / 0.6000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Digby Limited] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 1x Enercon E48 800 kW / 0.8000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Fitzpatrick Mountain] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 1x Enercon E48 800 kW / 0.8000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Fitzpatrick Mountain] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/04 || 1x Enercon E48 800 kW / 0.8000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Glace Bay & Donkin] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/11 || 2x Enercon 800 kW / 1.6000 (MW) || Cape Breton Power ||
 * [| Grand Etang] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2002/10 || 1x Vestas V47-660 (660 kW) / 0.6600 (MW) || Nova Scotia Power ||
 * [| Goodwood] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/11 || 1x Turbowinds 600 kW / 0.6000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Higgins Mountain Riverhurst] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 3x Vensys 1.2 MW / 3.6000 (MW) || Vector Wind Energy/Spring Hill ||
 * [| Lingan] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2007/01 || 5x E70 2MW / 10.0000 (MW) || Cape Breton Power ||
 * [| Lingan] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/06 || 2x E70 2 MW / 4.0000 (MW) || Cape Breton Power ||
 * [| Little Brook] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2002/10 || 1x Turbowinds T600 / 0.6000 (MW) || Nova Scotia Power ||
 * [| Marshville Limited] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 1x Enercon E48 800 kW / 0.8000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services ||
 * [| Point Tupper] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/04 || 1x Enercon E48 800 kW / 0.8000 (MW) || Renewable Energy Services Limited ||
 * [| Pubnico Point - Phase 1] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2004/01 || 2x Vestas 1.8 MW / 3.6000 (MW) || FPL Energy ||
 * [| Pubnico Point - Phase 2] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/01 || 15x Vestas 1.8 MW / 27.0000 (MW) || FPL Energy ||
 * [| Springhill Project] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/12 || 1x Vensys 1.2 MW / 1.2000 (MW) || Vector Wind Energy ||
 * [| Springhill Riverhurst] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 1x Americas Wind Energy / 0.9000 (MW) || Vector Wind Energy/Springhill ||
 * [| Tiverton Riverhurst] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2006/12 || 1x Americas Wind Energy / 0.9000 (MW) || Vector Wind Energy/Springhill ||
 * [| Lingan] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2005/12 || 2x E48 800 kW / 1.6000 (MW) || Cape Breton Power ||
 * [| Dalhousie Mountain project] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2009/12 || 34 x GE Energy 1.5 MW / 51.0000 (MW) || RMSenergy ||
 * [| Maryvale wind project] || ====**__NS__**==== || 2010/02 || 4 x Vensys 1.5 MW turbines / 6.0000 (MW) || Maryvale Wind LP (a subsidiary of Horizon Legacy Energy Corporation) ||
 * [| Ravenswood Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/01 || 6x Vestas 1.65 Mw / 9.9000 (MW) || Sky Generation ||
 * [| Dunnville Wind Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2006/10 || 1x Fuhrlander 600 kW / 0.6000 (MW) || Rosa Flora Limited ||
 * [| Erie Shores Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2006/05 || 66x GE 1.5 MW / 99.0000 (MW) || Macquarie Power & Infrastructure Income Fund ||
 * [| Ferndale Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2002/11, 2006/10 || 1x Vestas 1.8 MW, 2x Vestas 1.65 MW / 5.1000 (MW) || Sky Generation ||
 * [| Huron Wind] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2002/11 || 5x Vestas 1.8 MW / 9.0000 (MW) || Huron Wind ||
 * [| Kingsbridge 1 Wind Power Project] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2006/04 || 22x Vestas 1.8 MW / 39.6000 (MW) || EPCOR ||
 * [| Melanchton 1 Wind Plant] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2006/03 || 45x 1.5 MW GE / 67.5000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers, Inc. ||
 * [| Pickering Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2001/10 || 1x Vestas V80 1,800 kW / 1.8000 (MW) || Ontario Power Generation ||
 * [| Port Albert Wind Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2001/12 || 1x Vestas V47 (660 kW) / 0.6600 (MW) || Private ||
 * [| Prince Wind farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2006/11 || 126x GE 1.5 MW / 189.0000 (MW) || Brookfield Renewable Power ||
 * [| Spring Bay Wind farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2007/02 || 2x Enercon E48 800 KW / 1.6000 (MW) || Schneider Power ||
 * [| Tiverton Wind Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 1995/10 || 1x Tacke TW-600 CWM (cold weather modified, 600 kW) / 0.6000 (MW) || Ontario Power Generation ||
 * [| Ex Place Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2003/01 || 1 Lagerway 750 kW / 0.7500 (MW) || Toronto Hydro/Windshare ||
 * [| Cultus Wind Project] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/07 || 6x Vestas V82 1.65 MW / 9.9000 (MW) || AIM Powergen ||
 * [| Frogmore Wind Project] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/07 || 6 Vestas V82 1.65 MW / 9.9000 (MW) || AIM Powergen ||
 * [| Ripley Wind Power Project] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2007/12 || 38 x Enercon 2 MW turbines / 76.0000 (MW) || Suncor Energy Products Inc./Acciona Energy ||
 * [| Mohawk Point Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/10 || 6 x Vestas 1.65 MW turbines / 9.9000 (MW) || AIM Powergen ||
 * [| Port Alma Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/11 || 44 Siemens 2.3 MW Mk II Wind Turbines / 101.2000 (MW) || Kruger Energy ||
 * [| Clear Creek Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/11 || 6 x Vestas 1.65 MW / 9.9000 (MW) || AIM PowerGen ||
 * [| Melancthon Phase II] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/11 || 88 x GE Energy 1.5 MW turbines / 132.0000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Cruickshank Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2008/10 || 5 x Vestas 1.65 MW turbines / 8.2500 (MW) || Enbridge ||
 * [| Ontario Wind Power Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2009/04 || 110 x Vestas 1.65MW (V-82) / 181.5000 (MW) || Enbridge ||
 * [| OPG 7 Gomberg Turbine] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2001 || 1.8MW Vestas / 1.8000 (MW) || Ontario Power Generation ||
 * [| Wolfe Island EcoPower Centre] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2009/06 || 86 Siemens 2.3 MW Wind Turbines / 197.8000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Proof Line Wind Farm] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2009/12 || 4 X 1.65 MW Vestas turbines / 6.6000 (MW) || Sky Generation ||
 * [| Thames River project] || ====**__ON__**==== || 2010/02 || 20 x Enercon 2 MW / 40.0000 (MW) || Boralex Inc. ||
 * [| Vestas Prototype] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2004/01 || 1x Vestas V90 3 MW / 3.0000 (MW) || TransAlta Wind and Vestas ||
 * [| Aeolus Wind Farm] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2003/08 || 1x Vestas V90 / 3.0000 (MW) || Aeolous PEI Wind ||
 * [| Eastern Kings Wind Farm] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2007/01 || 10x Vestas V90 3 MW / 30.0000 (MW) || PEI Energy Corporation ||
 * [| North Cape Wind Farm] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2004/01 || 8x Vestas V47-660 (660 kW) / 5.2800 (MW) || Prince Edward Island Energy Corporation ||
 * [| North Cape Wind Farm] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2001/11 || 8x Vestas V47-660 (660 kW) / 5.2800 (MW) || Prince Edward Island Energy Corporation ||
 * [| Norway Wind Park] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2007/06 || 3 X Vestas V90 3 MW / 9.0000 (MW) || Suez Renewable Energy NA ||
 * [| West Cape Wind Farm] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2007/05 || 11x Vestas V80 1.8 MW / 19.8000 (MW) || Suez Renewable Energy NA ||
 * [| West Cape Phase 2] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2009/08 || 44 x Vestas 1.8 MW turbines / 79.2000 (MW) || GDF Suez ||
 * [| Summerside Wind Project] || ====**__PE__**==== || 2009/12 || 4 x Vestas 3 MW / 12.0000 (MW) ||  ||
 * [| Baie-des-Sables] || QC || 2006/11 || 73x GE 1.5 MW / 109.5000 (MW) || Cartier Wind Energy (BDS) ||
 * [| Le Nordais (Phase 1 - Cap Chat)] || QC || 1999/03 || 76x NEG-Micon NM750/48 (750 kW) / 57.0000 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Le Nordais (Phase 2 - Matane)] || QC || 1999/09 || 57x NEG-Micon NM750/48 (750 kW) / 42.7500 (MW) || Canadian Hydro Developers ||
 * [| Matane] || QC || 1998/01 || 3x NEG-Micon 750/44 (750 kW) / 2.2500 (MW) || Hydro-Québec ||
 * [| Mont Miller Project] || QC || 2005/06 || 30x Vestas V80 1.8 MW / 54.0000 (MW) || Northland Power Income Fund ||
 * [| Mount Copper Project] || QC || 2004/05 || 5x V80 1.8 MW / 9.0000 (MW) || FPL Energy ||
 * [| Mount Copper Project (Phase 2)] || QC || 2005/06 || 25x Vestas V80 1.8 MW / 45.0000 (MW) || FPL Energy ||
 * [| Parc éolien du Renard] || QC || 2003/09 || 3x Jeumont 750 kW J48c / 2.2500 (MW) || Groupement éolien Québecois ||
 * [| Anse-à-Valleau] || QC || 2007/12 || 67 x GE Energy 1.5 MW turbines / 100.5000 (MW) || Cartier Wind Energy ||
 * [| Carleton Wind Farm] || QC || 2008/11 || 73 x GE Energy 1.5 MW turbines / 109.5000 (MW) || Cartier Wind Energy ||
 * [| Jardin d'Eole Wind Farm] || QC || 2009/11 || 85 x GE Energy 1.5 MW / 127.5000 (MW) || Northland Power Income Fund ||
 * [| Centennial Wind Power Facility] || SK || 2006/02 || 83x Vestas 1.8 MW (90 MW On-line in 2005/12) / 149.4000 (MW) || SaskPower International ||
 * [| Cypress Wind Power Facility] || SK || 2001/09 || 9x Vestas V47 (660 kW) / 5.9400 (MW) || SaskPower International ||
 * [| Cypress Wind Power Facility] || SK || 2003/12 || 7x Vestas V47 660 kW / 4.6200 (MW) || SaskPower International ||
 * [| Sunbridge] || SK || 2001/09 || 17x Vestas V47-660 (660 kW) / 11.2200 (MW) || Suncor & Enbridge ||
 * [| Haeckel Hill 1] || YT || 1993/07 || 1x bonus 150 kW / 0.1500 (MW) || Yukon Energy Corporation ||
 * [| Haeckel Hill 1] || YT || 2000/11 || 1x Vestas V47 660 kW / 0.6600 (MW) || Yukon Energy Corporation ||

GOALS FOR CANADA INCLUDE: - 1. commitment to combating dangerous climate change - 2. wants to lead the world in clean electricity generation - 3. cares for our natural heritage - 4. access to safe clean water - 5. protect species at risk and restore endangered species - 6. reduce air pollution - 7. shrinking environment footprint

//Planning For A Sustainable Future: A Federal Sustainable Development Strategy For Canada.// (2010.April 24.) http://www.ec.gc.ca/dd-sd/default.asp?lang=En&n=F93CD795-1